Fire Risks in High-Rise Buildings: A Critical Review of Mechanisms, Impacts, and Technical Management Challenges

Authors

  • Meng Donggang Kuala Lumpur University of Science and Technology, Kajang, Malaysia; Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi, China Author
  • Norhaiza Nordin Kuala Lumpur University of Science and Technology, Kajang, Malaysia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71465/fias488

Keywords:

High-rise buildings, Fire risk, Fire development, Structural safety, Fire impacts, Technical management

Abstract

The growing size and complexity of high-rise buildings pose significant challenges to fire safety worldwide. This review synthesizes recent global trends in high-rise buildings and analyzes the evolving risk landscape associated with fire incidents. It systematically explores the mechanisms of fire development and vertical spread, followed by a detailed assessment of the multi-faceted impact of building fires on life safety, structural integrity, property safety and environmental health. Based on a combination of statistical data and the latest literature, this paper identifies key technical management deficiencies in the construction and operational phases that lead to the accumulation of fire risk. Despite advancements in smart fire protection technology, there is still a lack of a comprehensive technical management framework based on the life cycle. This paper concludes by highlighting the need for future

research, particularly the development of integrated strategies for fire prevention, early detection, coordinated evacuation, and post-event recovery in high-rise environments.

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Published

2025-12-23

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Articles